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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 3. XAUI 8b/10b Code Points
Symbol
/A/
/K/
/R/
/S/
/T/
/E/
/Q/
/d/
Name
Align
Sync
Skip
Start
Terminate
Error
Sequence
Data
Function
Lane Alignment (XGMII Idle)
Code-Group Alignment (XGMII Idle)
Clock Tolerance Compensation (XGMII Idle)
Start of Packet Delimiter (in Lane 0 only)
End of Packet Delimiter
Error Propagation
Link Status Message Indicator
Information Bytes
Code-Group
K28.3
K28.5
K28.0
K27.7
K29.7
K30.7
K28.4
Dxx.x
Table 4. XAUI 8b/10b to XGMII Code Mapping
8b/10b Data from
Embedded Core [7:0]
Dxx.x
K28.5 (0xBC)
K28.3 (0x7C)
K28.0 (0x1C)
K27.7 (0xFB)
K29.7 (0xFD)
K30.7 (0xFE)
K28.4 (0x9C)
XGMII Data [7:0]
0x00-0xFF (Data)
0x07 (Idle)
0x07 (Idle)
0x07 (Idle)
0xFB (Start)
0xFD (Terminate)
0xFE (Error)
0x9C (Ordered Set)
XGMII Control [3:0]
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
XGMII-to-XAUI Translation (Transmit Interface)
A block diagram of the XGXS receive data path was shown previously in Figure 4. The TX interface converts the
incoming XGMII data into XAUI-compatible characters. 36-bit XGMII DDR input data and control signals are initially
converted to a 72-bit bus based on a single edge 156MHz clock. The data and control read are then passed into a
TX slip buffer identical to the one used for the RX interface.
After the slip buffer, the XGMII formatted transmit data and control are input to the TX encoder that converts the
XGMII characters into 8b/10b format as shown in Table 4. The idle generation state machine in the TX encoder
converts XGMII /I/ characters to a random sequence of XAUI /A/, /K/ and /R/ characters as speci ? ed in IEEE
802.3ae. XGMII idles are mapped to a random sequence of code groups to reduce radiated emissions. The /A/
code groups support XAUI lane alignment and have a guaranteed minimum spacing of 16 code-groups. The /R/
code groups are used for clock compensation. The /K/ code groups contain the 8b/10b comma sequence.
Table 5. XGMII to XAUI Code Mapping
XGMII
XAUI
Idle
Start
Error
Terminate
Ordered Set
Data
/I/ = 0x07
/S/ = 0xFB
/E/ = 0xFE
/T/ = 0xFD
/Q/ = 0x9C
Control = 0
8
Randomized /A/, /R/, /K/
Sequence
/A/ = K28.3 = 0x7C
/R/ = K28.0 = 0x1C
/K/ = K28.5 = 0xBC (Comma)
/S/ = 0xFB
/E/ = 0xFE
/T/ = 0xFD
/Q/ = 0x9C
Control = 0
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